Conclusion

The 2D simulation results offer a comprehensive understanding of flood vulnerabilities within the study area. The outputs clearly highlight areas of concern, particularly where surface flooding is exacerbated by insufficient drainage infrastructure and limited detention capacity. The findings underscore the need for targeted stormwater improvements, including the expansion of detention basins and enhancement of conveyance capacity. These actions will be essential for managing future flood risks and mitigating the impacts of extreme rainfall events in urbanized environments.